Tuesday 3 May 2011

The pursuit of opportunity without regards to resources currently owned

Entrepreneurs live off opportunity. Real entrepreneurs spend their lives looking for the perfect opportunity to exploit, and even when they have found it some continue to keep looking for more. An opportunity can be defined as "the match of need and solution as perceived by the entrepreneur". In order to exploit an opportunity the entrepreneur needs to utilise resources in order to make the opportunity profitable.

In particular the resources that the entrepreneur requires are the types of capital required:
  1. Financial - e.g. equity
  2. Human - e.g. skill and experience
  3. Intellectual - e.g. IPR
  4. Physical - e.g. land
  5. Social - e.g. people
As the title suggests, these types of capital are vital to turn an opportunity profitable, however you do not need to own all of them. All you need is to have access to them. For instance, if you're a manufactring start-up. You don't need to own a factory. You can just rent one. Better yet just borrow the machinery when you need it.
The method of starting up a venture with as little capital/help as possible is known as bootstrapping. In bootstrapping the most important capital is an entrepreneur's social capital as this provides the social network, which allows access to the other types of capital.

I like to use the example of Hot or Not as a start-up, which had no capital to start up. Hot or Not is a website where you rate pics of users of whether they are Hot or Not. When it first was invented by James Hong, he hosted the website on his university's server, without them knowing. Within a week the site was getting 2million views a day and he was in danger of getting found out. He needed to find someone to host his website, which usually costs a lot of money. To get round this he contacted a hosting website and negotiated a deal whereby the website would host Hot or Not for free in return for advertising on Hot or Not. (the web server here is an example of physical capital that was required)
Hot or Not, which eventually turned into a dating site, was sold for $20million in 2008.

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